Torrance 用一整套“亚他那修式—尼西亚”思路,
## 一、从“约的结构”改成“基督本身是结构”
– 在联邦神学里:先有抽象的约(工作之约/恩典之约)、
– 在 Torrance 这里:
– “结构”不再是一套约条,而是基督自己的位格——
– 亚他那修式的重点是:道成肉身本身就是“
## 二、从“行了什么”转到“成了谁的人”
– 联邦神学:救恩重心在“基督为我们做了什么(
– Torrance:用亚他那修的“未取的不被医治”
– 关键不只是基督做了哪些“行为”,而是祂“成了什么样的人”:
– 这些都存在于祂的人性里,成为“新人类”的实际形态;
## 三、把赎罪机关从“外在交易”改成“本体联合”
– 联邦神学:赎罪的“机关”是刑罚代替、功德满足——
– Torrance 的亚他那修式替代:
– 道成肉身中的“本体联合”就是赎罪的内在机制:
– 所以赎罪不是外部交易,而是“在基督一位格中,
## 四、用“代替性人性”取代“条件式应答”
– 联邦神学:
– 神在基督里预备好救恩,但在“应用”层面,人必须以悔改、
– Torrance 的亚他那修式路径:
– 引入“代替性人性”(vicarious humanity):耶稣不仅替我们死,也替我们信、
– 圣灵现在不是来帮我们“凑足条件”,
– 这样,传统联邦结构中的“条件”被重新写成“参与”:
***
如果要给学生一句总括式对比,可以这样说:
– 联邦神学:上帝与人之间的关系主要被理解为一套约的法律结构,
– Torrance 的亚他那修式路径:
Sources
[1] What Does Thomas Torrance Mean by ‘The Latin Heresy’? Jerome … https://growrag.wordpress.com/
[2] [PDF] The Relationship between Incarnation and Atonement in the … https://digitalcommons.
[3] T.F. Torrance Objects to Federal Theology, and So Do I! https://growrag.wordpress.com/
[4] God for Us!: The Latin Heresy Revisited – Martin Davis’s Blog http://martinmdavis.blogspot.
[5] T.F. Torrance: The Atonement, pt. 3 – God for Us! http://martinmdavis.blogspot.
[6] The Ordo Salutis (Order of Salvation) – Monergism https://www.monergism.com/
[7] Thomas F. Torrance and the Fallen God – Eclectic Orthodoxy https://afkimel.wordpress.com/
[8] Torrance: Christ’s vicarious humanity – The Surprising God https://thesurprisinggodblog.
[9] Torrance on the vicarious humanity of Christ – The Surprising God https://thesurprisinggodblog.
[10] T.F. Torrance: The Vicarious Humanity of Jesus Christ, pt. 1 http://martinmdavis.blogspot.
[11] T.F. Torrance’s Mechanism of Atonement – CWoznicki Think Out Loud https://cwoznicki.com/2015/01/
[12] T. F. Torrance and the Latin Heresy – First Things https://firstthings.com/t-f-
[13] A Life Lived for Us: The Righteousness of God and the Vicarious … https://theologiansinc.