可以把上一张“倪/李对照表”当作一块整体,再和经典改革宗在五大范畴上做“宏观对比”。我用“**大方向的收敛**”和“**关键张力点**”来帮你定位。 *** ## 一、神论(Theology Proper) – **收敛点**: – 三一神:改革宗与倪、李都肯定独一真神、三个位格、同质同荣、彼此内在相交,反对三神论与形态论。[1][2] – 神的主权与旨意:改革宗强调神在创造与救恩上的绝对主权与永恒旨意;倪、李都用“神的永远旨意”“神的经纶”表达类似观念(神要得着基督的身体、新人)。[2][3][4] – **张力点**: – 术语与重心:改革宗神论以“属性‑立约‑主权”为主轴(圣洁、公义、怜悯,在圣约与救赎历史中彰显)。 李常受神论则以“经过过程并终极完成的三一神、那灵的分赐”为主轴,更偏“经纶‑生命‑分赐”的动态语言。[5][6][1][2]

这些神学差异,最后都会“落地”在教会生活的气质、结构和日常操练上。可以从几个面向看它们的影响。

***

## 1. 聚会形态与主日中心

– 传统改革宗:主日主崇拜是一周重心,强调讲台事奉与圣礼(洗礼、主餐)作为恩典管道,加上相对有结构的礼仪、认信与教会纪律。[1][2][3]
– 倪/李路线:主日聚会重要,但整体教会生活更“分散到每一天”:家聚会、小排聚会、祷告聚会、主日“申言聚会”等,强调众肢体按度量说话、彼此喂养,弱化“单一讲台”的中心性。[4][5]

影响:前者形成“讲台‑圣礼‑长老/牧师”中心的教会文化;后者形成“众人尽功用、小排生活”中心的教会文化,你的“教会经验”会非常不同。

***

## 2. 恩典管道 vs. 生命分赐的重心

– 改革宗:神主要藉着“道与圣礼”施行救恩,教会生活的核心是听道、领圣礼、在约中成长,强调客观恩典与应许(Word‑Sacrament‑Discipline)。[6][7][1]
– 李常受:强调“生命的分赐”和“有机救恩”的推进,核心是个人与团体对那灵的主观经历——晨兴、祷读、呼求主名、操练灵成为常态化操练。[8][9][10][11]

影响:改革宗文化中,会众的安全感更多系于“神客观的应许与记号”;李的路线上,信徒的重心偏向“我今天有没有实际经历、享受基督作生命”。

***

## 3. 教会结构与权柄实践

– 改革宗:正式会籍、受训按立的牧师/长老、长老会或总会等“连接性治理”,强调有章程、有上诉管道的制度化权柄与纪律。[2][7][12]
– 倪/李:在理论上反对宗派组织与正式会籍,强调地方召会、众长老同工配搭、圣徒皆祭司;实际运作上,李的“职事话语”与训练体系在全球形成事实上的统一方向与软性中心。[13][14][4]

影响:改革宗教会在纪律与教义争议上重“制度与法院”;地方召会体系在争议中,会更诉诸“职事的申明、同工交通”,其权柄感与处理模式与长老会传统颇不相同。

***

## 4. 成圣与门训的实际期待

– 改革宗:成圣是终身过程,强调“罪人‑义人”的张力、律法‑福音的节奏,门训往往围绕教理教导、家庭敬拜、属灵操练,但坚持“称义的被动性+成圣的积极性”。[3][15][16]
– 李常受:成圣被纳入“有机救恩”的细致阶段(重生‑圣别‑更新‑变化‑模成‑得荣),再加上得胜者与国度奖赏的强烈结构,产生对“生命长大、变化、作得胜者”的高期待与较浓的“属灵绩效感”。[10][17][18]

影响:改革宗会众在跌倒中比较容易被“客观义”扶起;李的体系中,圣徒更容易用“我现在属灵程度/是否得胜”来评估自己在身体与国度中的位置——这可以激励追求,也可能带来压力与比较。

***

## 5. 会众参与度与“众人申言”

– 改革宗:虽有查经、小组等,但主日崇拜基本是“受训的牧师/长老讲道,会众聆听与回应”;正式讲道权通常限于受按立者或获许可者。[19][1][3]
– 地方召会:李强调整个路向是“成全圣徒,各尽其职”,目标是众人都能在聚会中“申言”(按林前14)说建造、劝勉、安慰的话——主日聚会常由众人轮流短讲、见证、应用,长老/同工提供带领与配搭。[5][20][4]

影响:改革宗聚会中,信息质量和教义把关更可控,但会众易被动;李的路线中,会众参与感高、恩赐被激活,但教导与话语品质更依赖长期成全与集体过滤。

***

## 6. 身份感与“运动性”

– 改革宗:身份主要是“在基督里、在盟约中、属于某一信条传统的地方教会”;虽然有宗派认同,但通常不被描述为“末世性恢复运动”。[7][21][3]
– 李常受:自觉在“主今日的恢复”中,认为主在历史中逐步恢复真理与实际,而当前的路向是这一恢复的终期阶段之一(恢复基督作生命、召会实际、身体建造、新人显出)。[22][23][24]

影响:加入地方召会的圣徒,往往有较强的“历史‑异象‑使命感”:觉得自己站在神经纶行动的前缘;改革宗信徒则更多被形塑为“忠于历代圣徒信仰告白、在普通 means of grace 中恒久持守”的群体。

***

如果你愿意,下一步我可以帮你做一张专门针对“教会实践”的对照表(聚会结构、礼仪/圣礼、门训模式、权柄结构、属灵操练),用条目化方式给你做课程 handout。

Sources
[1] The Marks of the Church | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at … https://learn.ligonier.org/devotionals/the-marks-of-the-church
[2] Basics of the Reformed Faith: Marks and Mission of Christ’s Church https://www.wscal.edu/basics-of-the-reformed-faith-marks-and-mission-of-christs-church/
[3] Reformed Church Culture Shock – Ways to Learn at Ligonier.org https://learn.ligonier.org/articles/reformed-church-culture-shock
[4] Practice of the Church Life according to the God-ordained Way, The … https://bibleread.online/all-books-by-Watchman-Nee-and-Witness-Lee/book-practice-of-the-church-life-according-to-the-god-ordained-way-the-Witness-Lee-read-online/12/
[5] 3. Prophesying Meetings of the Local Church http://www.local-church-meetings.org/prophesying-meeting-local-church.htm
[6] Discipleship and Discipline: The Most Distinctive Mark https://www.christreformeddc.org/articles-and-blogs/discipleship-and-discipline-the-most-distinctive-mark
[7] Summarizing Distinctives of Reformed Faith and Practice https://cameronshaffer.com/2020/09/28/summarizing-distinctives-of-reformed-faith-and-practice/
[8] The Foundation, Purpose, Principles and Practice of Morning Revival https://www.agodman.com/foundation-purpose-principles-practice-morning-revival/
[9] [PDF] The Holy Word for Morning Revival – Living Stream Ministry – Ecoi.net https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1182969/2107_1313145448_chn36008.pdf
[10] God’s Complete Salvation: Judicial Redemption+Organic Salvation https://agodman.com/gods-complete-salvation-judicial-redemption-organic-salvation/
[11] Salvation – Witness Lee Teachings https://witnessleelehren.org/en/salvation/
[12] Reforming Church Discipline – Gentle Reformation https://gentlereformation.com/2022/05/11/discipline-and-discipleship/
[13] Watchman Nee and the House Church Movement in China https://www.dwellcc.org/essays/watchman-nee-and-house-church-movement-china
[14] Local Church controversies – Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Church_controversies
[15] The ordo salutis (1): Salvation’s unbreakable chain https://sb.rfpa.org/the-ordo-salutis-1-salvations-unbreakable-chain/
[16] Doctrinal Emphasis: Major Teachings – Heritage Reformed Churches https://heritagereformed.com/about-the-hrc/doctrinal-emphasis-major-teachings/
[17] The Organic Aspect of God’s Salvation, by Witness Lee https://www.ministrysamples.org/excerpts/THE-FIVE-ITEMS-OF-THE-JUDICIAL-REDEMPTION-AND-THE-EIGHT-ITEMS-OF-THE-ORGANIC-SALVATION-OF-GODS-COMPLETE-SALVATION.HTML
[18] Crystallization-study of the Complete Salvation of God in Romans https://bibleread.online/all-books-by-Watchman-Nee-and-Witness-Lee/book-crystallization-study-of-the-complete-salvation-of-god-in-romans-Witness-Lee-read-online/
[19] The Discipline and Art of Lectionary Preaching – Conciliar Post https://conciliarpost.com/theology-spirituality/the-discipline-and-art-of-lectionary-preaching/
[20] The Functioning of All the Members – Witness Lee Lehren https://witnessleelehren.org/en/the-functioning-of-all-the-members/
[21] Reformed Theology: Twenty-One Core Doctrines https://thegenevanfoundation.com/reformed-theology-twenty-core-doctrines/
[22] 2198主今日恢复之主要项目的重点 – 属灵书报 https://ezoe.work/books/2/2198-1.html
[23] 事工– 500 生命读经 https://500lifestudies.org/zh/%E9%83%A8/
[24] Shepherding Words – from the Co-workers in the Lord’s Recovery https://agodman.com/our-common-faith-statement-of-faith/shepherding-words-co-workers-lords-recovery-north-america/
[25] The Conference (4) – RFPA – Reformed Free Publishing Association https://sb.rfpa.org/the-conference-3/
[26] Sincerely Yours: The Marks of the True Authentic Church https://opc.org/nh.html?article_id=587
[27] Let the Church Be the Church! Calvin’s Theology of Social Justice https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/john-calvin-theology-social-justice/
[28] The Early Church Compared To The Reformed Church https://puritanboard.com/threads/the-early-church-compared-to-the-reformed-church.105938/