从教义视角看,儒家“天人合一”与基督教“三位一体”的张力,
## 一、神观:天道一元 vs. 三一位格
– 儒家“天人合一”里的“天”,在传统和新儒家那里往往是“
– 三位一体教义则坚持:上帝在本体上独一、在位格上为父子圣灵,
## 二、人—天关系:人性承天 vs. 受造面向三一
– 儒家天人合一的核心是“天命之谓性”:
– 三一信仰中的人—神关系,则以创造与堕落为背景:
## 三、救恩/成圣路径:修身合天 vs. 恩典中的参与
– 在儒家语境里,天人合一的路径基本是修身:通过礼乐、仁义、
– 在三位一体神学中,人“参与”神乃是借基督的道成肉身、
## 四、宇宙图式:人—天—地一体 vs. 创造—救赎两重性
– 儒家天人合一常被解释为“人—天地三才的互摄”:
– 三位一体创造论则坚持造物主—受造界的区分:世界是三一神所造、
## 五、可能的互补:关系、和谐与公共伦理
– 多位中西学者指出,天人合一对“人—宇宙—自然—
– 反过来,三位一体教义也能帮助“改造”天人合一:在保持“
若用一句教义学语言来概括这种张力:
– 儒家“天人合一”提供的是一种“人—宇宙一元的心性—伦理图式”
– 三位一体则坚持“位格造物主与受造世界之间的差异性联合”。
二者的对话空间在“关系与和谐”,根本冲突点则在“
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